[Elusive138]

I've been using Nomexous' Traceline tutorial and this line

new hit = get_tr2(trace, TR_pHit)

returns the player (or entity, etc) hit by the traceline. However, most guns (in CS) can shoot THROUGH entities, including hitting multiple targets. How would that work with the traceline? Is a seperate traceline generated for each target, or is there some other method for retrieving all players that can be hit?


Thanks

[Arkshine]

In CS :

Each weapon has a penetration power. Value which represents how many penetration in something/one it can do. ( ie: ak47: 2, awp: 3, etc )
Each bullet has a penetration power. Value which represents the max thickness of something/one a bullet can penetrate.
Each bullet type has a penetration distance. Value which represents the max distance a bullet can penetrate a wall.
Each material has an absorptive capacity which alters the penetration power of a bullet.

When you fire a bullet, it throws a Traceline. If you hit something, it will loop again from the end position of the previous trace until the number of allowed penetration. Of course, it doesn't happen always because of some params like : you hit a shield , the bullet has travelled over the max distance, or the bullet has lost in penetration power.

[Elusive138]

Originally Posted by Arkshine In CS : Each weapon has a penetration power. Value which represents how many penetration in something/one it can do. ( ie: ak47: 2, awp: 3, etc ) Each bullet has a penetration power. Value which represents the max thickness of something/one a bullet can penetrate. Each bullet type has a penetration distance. Value which represents the max distance a bullet can penetrate a wall. Each material has an absorptive capacity which alters the penetration power of a bullet. When you fire a bullet, it throws a Traceline. If you hit something, it will loop again from the end position of the previous trace until the number of allowed penetration. Of course, it doesn't happen always because of some params like : you hit a shield , the bullet has travelled over the max distance, or the bullet has lost in penetration power.

Ah, thanks. Is there any way/place I can get the penetration power?

[Arkshine]

Yes, here
I've done a nice table for you.

BPP = Bullet Penetration Power
BPD = Bullet Penetration Distance
WP  = Weapon Penetration

                 ┌──────┬──────┬──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
                 │ BPP  │ BPD  │                              WP                              │
┌────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_9mm       │  21  │  800 │ 1 [weapon_elite, weapon_glock18, weapon_mp5navy, weapon_tmp] │
├────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_45acp     │  15  │  500 │ 1 [weapon_mac10, weapon_ump45, weapon_usp]                   │
├────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_50ae      │  30  │ 1000 │ 2 [weapon_deagle]                                            │
├────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_762nato   │  39  │ 5000 │ 3 [weapon_scout, weapon_g3sg1 ]                              │
│                │      │      │ 2 [weapon_ak47]                                              │
├────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_556nato   │  35  │ 4000 │ 2 [weapon_aug, weapon_sg550, weapon_galil, weapon_famas]     │
│                │      │      │ 2 [weapon_m249, weapon_m4a1, weapon_sg552]                   │
├────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_338magnum │  45  │ 8000 │ 3 [weapon_awp]                                               │
├────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_57mm      │  30  │ 2000 │ 1 [weapon_fiveseven, weapon_p90]                             │
├────────────────┼──────┼──────┼──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ammo_357sig    │  25  │  800 │ 1 [weapon_p228]                                              │
└────────────────┴──────┴──────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

[EDIT] Others datas considering the material type, which will reduce the bullet penetration power and the damage.

PM = Penatration Modifier
DM = Damage Modifier

                    ┌──────┬──────┐
                    │ PM   │ DM   │                     
┌───────────────────┼──────┼──────┤
│ CHAR_TEX_METAL    │ 0.15 │ 0.2  │
├───────────────────┼──────┼──────┤
│ CHAR_TEX_CONCRETE │ 0.25 │ 0.25 │
├───────────────────┼──────┼──────┤
│ CHAR_TEX_GRATE    │ 0.5  │ 0.4  │ 
├───────────────────┼──────┼──────┤
│ CHAR_TEX_VENT     │ 0.5  │ 0.45 │              
├───────────────────┼──────┼──────┤
│ CHAR_TEX_TILE     │ 0.65 │ 0.3  │
├───────────────────┼──────┼──────┤
│ CHAR_TEX_COMPUTER │ 0.4  │ 0.45 │ 
├───────────────────┼──────┼──────┤
│ CHAR_TEX_WOOD     │ 1.0  │ 0.6  │
└───────────────────┴──────┴──────┘

[meTaLiCroSS]

Hope this works.

This will trace lines thought entities, but it stops when it hits a wall.

PHP Code:

new Float:vecStart[3] // This should be the original start position
new Float:vecEnd[3] // And this should be the end position

new iTraceHit // hitted entity
new iEntToIgnore = MyFirstEntityToIgnore // this would change at every trace
new iTraceHandle = create_tr2()// trace handle

while(engfunc(EngFunc_TraceLine, vecStart, vecEnd, DONT_IGNORE_MONSTERS, iEntToIgnore, iTraceHandle)) // will always return 1, see engfunc.cpp
{
    iTraceHit = get_tr2(iTraceHandle, TR_pHit) // getting hitted entity
    
    if(get_global_float(GL_trace_fraction) >= 1.0) // the traceline finished at the original end position, so we will stop here
        break;
    
    if(!is_user_alive(iTraceHit)) // if you want to stop the traceline when it hits a wall, use this
        break;
        
    // your functions here
    
    // the next traceline will start at the end of the last one
    iEntToIgnore = iTraceHit
    get_tr2(iTraceHandle, TR_vecEndPos, vecStart)
}

get_tr2(iTraceHandle, TR_vecEndPos, vecEnd) // out of the loop, this will get the last position of the last traceline. you can use a beam effect or something if you want

free_tr2(iTraceHandle) // freeing the tracehandle 


[Elusive138]

Thank you both so much for this info!

[Arkshine]

If interested, here how works CS when you shot a bullet.

PHP Code:

Vector CBaseEntity::FireBullets3( Vector vecSrc, Vector vecDirShooting, Vector vecSpread,
                                  float flDistance, int iPenetration, int iBulletType, int iDamage, float flRangeModifier,
                                  entvars_t *pevAttacker, _, int shared_rand )
{
    int iCurrentDamage = iDamage;

    Vector vecRight = gpGlobals->v_right;
    Vector vecUp    = gpGlobals->v_up;

    TraceResult tr;
    int iPenetrationPower;
    float flPenetrationDistance;
    float flCurrentDistance;
    float x, y, z;

    switch( iBulletType )
    {
        case BULLET_PLAYER_9MM :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 21;
            flPenetrationDistance = 800.0;
            break;
        }
        case BULLET_PLAYER_45ACP :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 15;
            flPenetrationDistance = 500.0;
            break;
        }
        case BULLET_PLAYER_50AE :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 30;
            flPenetrationDistance = 1000.0;
            break;
        }
        case BULLET_PLAYER_762MM :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 39;
            flPenetrationDistance = 5000.0;
            break;
        }
        case BULLET_PLAYER_556MM :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 35;
            flPenetrationDistance = 4000.0;
            break;
        }
        case BULLET_PLAYER_338MAG :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 45;
            flPenetrationDistance = 8000.0;
            break;
        }
        case BULLET_PLAYER_57MM :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 30;
            flPenetrationDistance = 2000.0;
            break;
        }
        case BULLET_PLAYER_357SIG :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 25;
            flPenetrationDistance = 800.0;
            break;
        }
        default :
        {
            iPenetrationPower     = 0;
            flPenetrationDistance = 0.0;
            break;
        }
    }

    if( pevAttacker == NULL )
        pevAttacker = pev;

    gMultiDamage.type = ( DMG_BULLET | DMG_NEVERGIB );

    if( IsPlayer() )
    {
        x = UTIL_SharedRandomFloat( shared_rand    , -0.5, 0.5 ) + UTIL_SharedRandomFloat( shared_rand + 1, -0.5, 0.5 );
        y = UTIL_SharedRandomFloat( shared_rand + 2, -0.5, 0.5 ) + UTIL_SharedRandomFloat( shared_rand + 3, -0.5, 0.5 );
    }
    else
    {
        do
        {
            x = RANDOM_FLOAT( -0.5, 0.5 ) + RANDOM_FLOAT( -0.5, 0.5 );
            y = RANDOM_FLOAT( -0.5, 0.5 ) + RANDOM_FLOAT( -0.5, 0.5 );
        }
        while( x * x + y * y > 1 );
    }

    [...]
    
    Vector vecDir = vecDirShooting + x * vecSpread.x * vecRight + y * vecSpread.y * vecUp;
    Vector vecEnd = vecSrc + vecDir * flDistance;

    while( iPenetration )
    {
        ClearMultiDamage();
        UTIL_TraceLine( vecSrc, vecEnd, dont_ignore_monsters, ENT( pev ), &tr );

        if( tr.fraction != 1.0 )
        {
            TheBots->OnEvent( EVENT_PLAYER_SHOOT, pev, tr.vecEndPos );
        }

        BOOL bSparks;
        BOOL bHitMetal;

        switch( UTIL_TextureHit( tr, vecSrc, vecEnd ) )
        {
            case CHAR_TEX_METAL :
            {
                bSparks = bHitMetal = TRUE;

                iPenetrationPower = (int)( iPenetrationPower * 0.15 );
                flDamageModifier  = 0.2;
                break;
            }
            case CHAR_TEX_CONCRETE :
            {
                iPenetrationPower = (int)( iPenetrationPower * 0.25 );
                flDamageModifier  = 0.25;
                break;
            }
            case CHAR_TEX_GRATE :
            {
                bSparks = bHitMetal = TRUE;

                iPenetrationPower = (int)( iPenetrationPower * 0.5 );
                flDamageModifier  = 0.4;
                break;
            }
            case CHAR_TEX_VENT :
            {
                bSparks = bHitMetal = TRUE;

                iPenetrationPower = (int)( iPenetrationPower * 0.5 );
                flDamageModifier  = 0.45;
                break;
            }
            case CHAR_TEX_TILE :
            {
                iPenetrationPower = (int)( iPenetrationPower * 0.65 );
                flDamageModifier  = 0.3;
                break;
            }
            case CHAR_TEX_COMPUTER :
            {
                bSparks = bHitMetal = TRUE;;

                iPenetrationPower = (int)( iPenetrationPower * 0.4 );
                flDamageModifier  = 0.45;
                break;
            }
            case CHAR_TEX_WOOD :
            {
                iPenetrationPower = (int)( iPenetrationPower * 1.0 );
                flDamageModifier  = 0.6;
                break;
            }
        }

        if( tr.fraction != 1.0 )
        {
            --iPenetration;

            flCurrentDistance = tr.fraction * flDistance;
            iCurrentDamage *= pow( flCurrentDistance * 0.002, flRangeModifier );

            if( flCurrentDistance > flPenetrationDistance )
                iPenetration = 0;

            CBaseEntity *pEntity = CBaseEntity::Instance( tr.pHit );

            if( tr.iHitgroup == HITGROUP_SHIELD )
            {
                if( RANDOM_LONG( 0, 1 ) )
                    EMIT_SOUND( ENT( pEntity->pev ), CHAN_VOICE, "weapons/ric_metal-1.wav", 1, ATTN_NORM );
                else
                    EMIT_SOUND( ENT( pEntity->pev ), CHAN_VOICE, "weapons/ric_metal-2.wav", 1, ATTN_NORM );

                UTIL_Sparks( tr.vecEndPos );

                 pEntity->pev->punchangle.x = iCurrentDamage * RANDOM_FLOAT ( -0.15, 0.15 );
                 pEntity->pev->punchangle.z = iCurrentDamage * RANDOM_FLOAT ( -0.15, 0.15 );

                if( pEntity->pev->punchangle.x < 4 )
                    pEntity->pev->punchangle.x = -4;

                if( pEntity->pev->punchangle.z < -5 )
                    pEntity->pev->punchangle.z = -5;
                else if( pEntity->pev->punchangle.z > 5 )
                    pEntity->pev->punchangle.z = 5;
                
                break;
            }

            /* if( unknownParam || RANDOM_NUM( 0, 3 ) )
            {
                bSomeVar = TRUE;
            } */

            int iDamageType = DMG_BULLET | DMG_NEVERGIB;
            // DecalGunshot( &tr, iBulletType, bSomeVar?, pev, bSparks? );
            
            if( pEntity->pev->solid == SOLID_BSP && iPenetration  )
            {
                vecSrc = tr.vecEndpos + ( vecDir * iPenetrationPower );
                flDistance = ( flDistance - flCurrentDistance ) * 0.5;
                vecEnd = ( vecDir * flDistance ) + vecSrc;

                pEntity->TraceAttack( pevAttacker, iCurrentDamage, vecDir, &tr, iDamageType );

                iCurrentDamage *= flDamageModifier;
            }
            else
            {
                vecSrc = tr.vecEndpos + ( vecDir * 42.0 );
                flDistance = ( flDistance - flCurrentDistance ) * 0.75;
                vecEnd = ( vecDir * flDistance ) + vecSrc;
                    
                pEntity->TraceAttack( pevAttacker, iCurrentDamage, vecDir, &tr, iDamageType );

                iCurrentDamage *= 0.75;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            iPenetration = 0;
        }

        ApplyMultiDamage();
    }

    return Vector( x * vecSpread, y * vecSpread, 0 );
} 


[darktemplar]

My question is : Can we change the penetration power ?

[Arkshine]

You can with some memory patching.

[darktemplar]

Can you help me ? . I'm using rage. I know how to hook FireBullets3 , but if I hook it , I can only change the base damage and range modifier , not Penetration